Nokia Mobile Devices and Infrastructure

Nokia is a brand with a storied history, originating from Finland where it initially started as a pulp mill operation in 1865. Over the twentieth century, it evolved into a global leader in telecommunications, famously dominating the mobile phone market during the late 1990s and early 2000s. Today, the brand represents two distinct entities: the original Finnish company, Nokia Corporation, which focuses on network infrastructure and technology licensing, and HMD Global, which manufactures mobile phones under the Nokia brand.

Manufacturing for Nokia products is highly globalized. Network equipment is produced in various facilities across Europe, India, and China. Consumer mobile devices, managed by HMD Global, are primarily manufactured through partnerships with FIH Mobile (a subsidiary of Foxconn), with production hubs located in Vietnam, China, and India to serve different regional markets.

In terms of ownership, Nokia Corporation remains a public Finnish entity listed on the Nasdaq Helsinki and New York Stock Exchanges. While it sold its mobile phone division to Microsoft in 2014, the brand returned to the mobile market in 2016 through a licensing agreement with HMD Global. As of 2026, Nokia Corporation continues to be the ultimate owner of the brand name and intellectual property, while HMD Global operates as the exclusive licensee for consumer mobile hardware.