HMD (Human Mobile Devices) Smartphone

HMD Global, operating under the brand Human Mobile Devices (HMD), was established in late 2016. The company was founded by former Nokia executives with the primary mission of reviving the Nokia brand in the mobile phone market under an exclusive licensing agreement. While initially focused on Nokia-branded feature phones and smartphones, HMD has shifted its strategy to launch original HMD-branded devices.

The brand's origin is firmly rooted in Finland, carrying on the heritage of Finnish mobile engineering. However, its manufacturing ecosystem is global. Most production occurs in China and India through partnerships with companies like Foxconn (FIH Mobile), though HMD notably began assembly operations in Hungary to serve the European market's security and sustainability demands. The company remains an independent private entity backed by investors including Nokia, Google, and Foxconn.