Espresso

Espresso is a concentrated form of coffee served in shots, originating from Italy in the early 20th century. Luigi Bezzera and Desiderio Pavoni were the pioneers who developed the first commercial espresso machines, forever changing global coffee culture. Today, espresso is produced worldwide, with manufacturing focused on the roasting and grinding of premium Arabica and Robusta beans in numerous locations. Ownership of specific espresso brands varies across major global conglomerates such as Nestlé (Nespresso, Blue Bottle), JAB Holding Company (Peet's, Jacobs Douwe Egberts), and Starbucks. These companies manage vast supply chains that source beans from equatorial regions and process them in state-of-the-art facilities across Europe and North America.