Renfe train services

Renfe is the primary state-owned railway operator in Spain. Established in 1941 after the Spanish Civil War, it was formed through the nationalization of all major broad-gauge railway companies in the country. The brand is synonymous with Spanish rail travel, operating high-speed, long-distance, and suburban services.

As a state-owned entity, Renfe is governed by the Spanish Ministry of Transport and Sustainable Mobility. While the railway sector in Spain has undergone liberalization, opening the tracks to private competitors, Renfe remains the dominant operator and a public corporate entity owned entirely by the Spanish government. Manufacturing of its rolling stock is typically outsourced to companies like Talgo, Siemens, and Alstom, but the service brand itself is inherently Spanish.